The Montessori Method is an educational approach created by Maria Montessori based on her belief that children are naturally eager for knowledge and capable of initiating learning in a supportive, thoughtfully prepared environment. This method is designed for children aged 2 to 6 years old, though its principles and practices can be applied to older children.
This approach strives to nurture children’s natural curiosity and educate them in a holistic way. The Montessori method is based on five key subjects that make up the foundation of the learning experience.
1. Practical Life
The practical life subject consists of activities that help children become more specialized and capable in everyday life. This subject teaches children the basics of holding a spoon, pouring liquid, sewing, and other tasks.
During this part of the Montessori method, they will also learn helpful habits such as brushing teeth and taking care of their living space. This aspect helps to make children emotionally, mentally, and physically prepared for their future education.
2. Sensorial
The Sensorial subject allow children to explore their environment and observe how it works. Using their five senses, children use Montessori equipment to evaluate and compare information, as well as gain an understanding of the physical properties of size, shape, texture and colour.
This subject is not solely focused on sight. Children are encouraged to evaluate physical objects and differentiate between them with their other senses, such as hearing and smelling. With the Sensorial subject, children become aware of their surrounding environment in a unique and exploratory manner.
3. Language
The language subject within the Montessori Method allows children to explore the world of writing and reading. Beyond just teaching children how to read and write the alphabet, this subject encourages reading, writing and speaking in multiple languages, such as Spanish and French.
By exploring sentence structure, grammar, how words are spelled and how stories are formed, children gain a deep understanding of the language. Through language activities, interactions and investigations, children learn the power of communication and how to express themselves to the world.
4. Mathematics
The mathematics subject in the Montessori Method teaches children through physical materials. This allows children to learn by manipulating concrete objects that directly relate to the concept, such as numerals and the four arithmetic operations.
Through these materials, children learn basic counting and the value of numbers. They also explore geometry, time, measurement and the four operations to develop a deeper understanding of math.
5. Culture
The culture subject allows children to explore the history, geography, science and art of the world. Supported by stories and conversations, as well as replicas of art, maps and models, children are able to gain an understanding of the world from different perspectives. Understanding cultures from different countries and even different periods of time help children to become more aware of the complexity of the world and their place within it.
Conclusion Through the five subjects of the Montessori Method, children are able to observe their environment, learn to communicate and express themselves, improve their practical life skills, understand math and explore different cultures. By providing an environment that enables this kind of exploration, children are able to gain a holistic understanding of the world and become more aware of the environment and their place within it.